A-Nutritional elements-related factors

1-Chemical illustration

In most instances, nutrients are present in the soil, and diverse chemical compositions, some of which are organic compounds, and it is known that the plant absorbs the elements in most instances in simple mineral forms. 

Organic nitrogen is converted into a simple mineral form, such as ammonium or nitrate, and the same is valid for phosphorous.

2-The element's concentration

It was discovered that the quantity of an element absorbed by the plant grows as the concentration of its absorbable form in the external root environment increases.

3-The soil's nutrient distribution system

This becomes clear when the element is added in the form of fertilizer. Spreading this fertilizer over the soil's surface gives an entirely different system for distributing the part than adding it concentrated near the plant's root or mixing it with the soil to a certain depth. This is reflected in the amount absorbed by the plant from the element such as phosphorous. 

What is put on the soil's top has much less impact than what is applied to the soil's core; where the roots extend, more water is available to dissolve it, and it is well known that phosphorus is toxic.

To a significant degree, soil movement is slow.

b- Environmental factors affecting the plant's growth

1-The soil and water content

The amount of water in the soil is crucial because it influences the rate of movement and diffusion of elemental ions. Soil drying has been shown to limit phosphorus absorption in the outer regions of root cells, mainly because this element is weakly soluble and moves extremely slowly through the earth.

2-The degree of soil aeration

The degree of oxygen availability required for root respiration influences the element absorption process. When air bubbles flow through the water, the plants in a hydroponic culture flourish to their full potential.

3-Soil pH

The pH of the soil has a significant impact on the availability of nutrients.

Like iron and manganese, they are soft in highly acidic environments, but phosphorus and boron are not. They are inaccessible in severely acidic soils, and copper and zinc availability are diminished in all locations.

 It is reduced in extraordinarily acidic or highly alkaline areas and increases nitrogen and sulfur. Their readiness reduces as the pH falls below 5, and calcium, magnesium, and potassium preparedness decreases. 

The nutrients as a whole are generally available under acidity settings of less than six pH. They are excellent at about 5.6 pH.

4- Salinity of the soil

Sodium in the process of water absorption by plants through osmotic pressure development in the ground solution is higher than that of the root cells, and the wilting coefficient of the land is higher as a result of salt accumulation, which results in a decrease in the amount of water supplied to the land plants. 

Thus, the presence of salts causes difficulties in feeding plants due to their inability to absorb salts. 

Sodium carbonate leads to a high degree of absorption of the essential components from the soil. It reduces the availability of numerous nutrients, including iron, manganese, zinc, and phosphorus.

C-Plant-related factors